Zimbabwe inyika ine upfumi hwakasimbirira mukurima saka taona zvakakosha kuti hurukuro yekukwiridzira goho remurimi irambe ichiongororwa. Mbeu yechirimwa zvairi kana zita rayo handizvo zvakakosha kumurimi asi kuti  zvinoitira mbeu iyi kumurimi kana yarimwa ndizvo zvakakosha. Zvimwe zvezvikuru pakusarudza mbeu ndezvinotevera:

Kushingirira muzuva- nemasiyaniro aita mwaka mbeu inosarudzwa inofanira kupa goho chero kukapisa.

• Mbeu inoshingirira muzvirwere.
• Mbeu isingapfukutwe iri mumunda.
• Mbeu ine goho riri pamusoro.

Kuti murimi awane goho riri pamusoro:

I. Anofanira kumwaya fetereza inoindirana nezvakabuda pakaongororwa ivhu rake.

II. Anofanira kusarudza mhando yembeu inoindirana nenzvimbo yaanobva.

III. Mbeu inofaanira kudyarwa panotagira mwaka chaipo uye inofanirwa kudyarwa neuwandu hwakabva muongororo.

IV. Zvinokanganisa mbesa semasora, zvirwere nezvimbuyu zvinofanira kudzivirirwa.

Zvimwe zvakaongororwa zvinoderedza goho remurimi ndezvinotevera:

Hudyi nemakonye emuivhu – hudyi hwemuivhu hunokanganisa kumera kwembesa zvakanaka, varimi vanokurudzirwa kusanganisa mbeu dzavo nemushonga vasati vadyara ingava mbeu yechibage, soya beans, wheat kana sugar beans. Mishonga inokurudzirwa inosanganisa Gaucho, Cruiser, Captain, Thiram ne Apron Star. Mishonga iyi inodzivirira zvirwere uye umwe hudyi hunokanganisa kumera zvakanaka kwembesa. Humwe hudyi hunokanganisa huwandu hwemadzinde mumunda, makonye anonzi ma cutworms. Ma cutworms makonye matema anowanikwa muivhu anodimbura mbesa dzichangobva kumera, zvinokanganisa huwandu hwemadzinde pandima. Makonye aya anogara muivhu achidya murakwani kana kuti huswa nembesa dzichangomera. Kudzivirira makonye aya varimi vanokurudzirwa kushandisa mimwe yemishonga iyi –

Carbaryl 85% WP, Fenvalarate, Karate ne Decis. Mishonga inogona kushandiswa yakasanganiswa nemishonga yesora inofirita sora risati rabuda, mushonga we Carbaryl 85% WP unosanganiswa neupfu zvokandakandiwa mumunda makonye odya achifunga kuti upfu.

Varimi vanokurudzirwa kutenga mbeu kuzvitoro zvinokurudzirwa ne varimiri ve Seed Co vari mudunhu mavo. Ngavaongorore kuti mbeu yavo haina kupfukutwa vasati vadyara uye yakasara gore rapera inofanira kuva yakachengeterwa pakanaka. Chimbuyu che Larger grain borer chinogona kukanganisa mbeu iri mumba memurimi asi kana zvavhiringika mushonga we Actellic Gold ngaushandiswe kudzivirira zvipfukuto.

Kusaongorora planter yatinoshandisa zvinogona kuderedza goho remurimi nekuti inogona kukanda tsanga shoma kana dzakawandisa pandima. Varimi vanoshandisa planter inodhonzwa nemombe vanofanirwa kutaridza murimisi we Seed Co plate ye planter yavo ndokuti vaudzwe kukura kwembeu yavanofanira kudyara. Murimi akaisa maround mu planter ine plate yema flat, painotenderera inokuya mbeu yose zvokanganisa goho remurimi.

Kusachinjanisa mbeu mumunda (rotation) zvinodzikisira goho remurimi nekuti murimi akarima chibage mabva chibage zvirwere netumbuyu tunovhingidza goho tunobva twawanda, kudzivirira kuyerera kwevhu repamusoro (topsoil) kunobva kwanetsa asi riri iro ivhu rinekudya hunodiwa nezvirimwa, uyevo kudzivirira kuvakika kweivhu (soil structure) kunobva kwanetsa zvekare. Midzi yembeu dzakaita sechibage, fodya, ne soyabeans kana sugarbeans yakasiyana saka inoshunya ivhu zvakasiyana uye inotora hunyoro kubva muivhu zvakadyika zvakasiyana. Zvinhu zvakatoongororwa kuti kusachinjanisa mbesa kunoderedza goho remurimi, varimi vanokurudzirwa kuti pabva soyabeans kana sugarbeans poinda chibage pabvao chibage poinda fodya zvifamba zvakadaro.

Huwandu hwe fetereza inomwaiwa muchirimwa hunogonawo kuderedza goho. Pane zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kutorwa kwe fetereza ne zvirimwa zvinosanganisa zvinotevera:

1. Kuramba kunze kwakangokwidibira kwengua yareba
2. Imwe mishonga yesora inovhiringa kutorwa kwefetereza
3. Kusununguka kweivhu
4. Kuvava kana kutapira kweivhu
5. Kugara ivhu rakanyorova kwenguva refu
6. Ivhu rine oxygen shoma
7. Chirimwa chine midzi isina kukura zvakanaka uye tumbuyu nezvirwere zvinovhingidza midzi nemadzinde ezvirimwa.

Kushomeka kwe fetereza inotorwa nezvirimwakunokonzerwa ne fetereza shoma inenge yamwaiwa, mvura ikanaya yakawandisa inogonawo kusuka fetereza kudzika pasi kusingasvikirwe nezvirimwa uye, kugara munda wakangozara mvura. Feterza ikamwaiwa zvineuyanga inopisa mashizha embesa awo avova factory yekugadzira kudya kwechirimwa. Varimi vanenge vashandisa fetereza yepamusoro ye Urea inofanira kufutsirwa uye inofanira kushandiswa mvura yanaya yakawanda, ikasiyiwa iri pamusoro peivhu inoruza ukasha hwayo hwekubatsira chirimwa.

Hurudziro kuvarimi:

Mune chikamu chapfuura takakurudzira varimi kuti vashandise mishonga yesora kuti goho ravo rikwirire asi mishonga iyi inofanira kushandiswa zvinemwero yakanyorwa pamabhodhoro kana zvigubhu zvacho. Mishonga iyi ikaiswa yakawandisa inokanganisa kukura kwemidzi, inogona kupisa mashizha uye inokanganisa kukura kwezvirimwa. Kuvhiringidzwa kwezvirimwa kunoitika pakumwaya mishonga paivhu kana kuti mushonga unogona kupupuruswa nemhepo kuenda kwausingadiwe kana kuti mushonga unogona kuva wanga wagara uri muivhu kwenguva refu.

Varimi vari kunonaya mvura yakawanda vanokurudzirwa kurima mbeu dziri muzvikwata zvakasiyana siyana, tikatora murimi ane 3ha anogona kurima SC727,SC637, SC529 imwe neimwe Ha. Kune vari kunzvimbo dzinonaya mvura yapakati nepakati ngavasimbirire kumbeu dzakaita se SC637, SC633, SC513, SCSC529, SC533 kana zvaoma SC403 ne SC301. Varimi vari kunopisa ngavashandise vana SC513, 529.533, 403 ne 301, izvi zvinoitirwa kuti ukasanganisa mbeu chinowana imwe nemamiriro ekunze imwe inobuda zvobatsira murimiAuthor: Simba Gotosa